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class="container" id="main-content" tabindex="-1"><div class="post"><article class="post-block h-entry"><div class="post-meta p-author h-card visually-hidden"><img class="author-avatar u-photo" src="../favicon.png" alt="Cytrogen"><span class="p-name">Cytrogen</span><a class="u-url" href="https://cytrogen.icu">https://cytrogen.icu</a></div><a class="post-permalink u-url u-uid visually-hidden" href="https://cytrogen.icu/posts/d38e.html">永久链接</a><div class="p-summary visually-hidden"><p>近日我在一项限时一小时的小组作业里被教授控诉使用 AI 且不承认，而她的理由让我大跌眼镜。</p></div><div class="visually-hidden"><a class="p-category" href="../categories/%E4%B8%AA%E4%BA%BA%E9%9A%8F%E6%83%B3/">个人随想</a><a class="p-category" href="../tags/Python/">Python</a><a class="p-category" href="../tags/%E5%A4%A7%E5%AD%A6%E8%AF%BE%E7%A8%8B/">大学课程</a><a class="p-category" href="../tags/%E9%80%BB%E8%BE%91%E5%AD%A6/">逻辑学</a></div><h1 class="post-title p-name">在 AI 恐慌的时代，熟练度是一种累赘</h1><div class="post-info"><time class="post-date dt-published" datetime="2025-11-20T21:36:50.000Z">11/20/2025</time><time class="dt-updated visually-hidden" datetime="2026-02-09T17:16:55.213Z"></time></div><div class="post-content e-content"><html><head></head><body><p>近日我在一项限时一小时的小组作业里被教授控诉使用 AI 且不承认，而她的理由让我大跌眼镜。</p>
<span id="more"></span>
<h2 id="背景"><a class="markdownIt-Anchor" href="#背景"></a> 背景</h2>
<p>我这个学期正在上一节 CIS（计算机信息系统）课程，内容是 Python 入门，上课方法是网课。开课时的第一周，教授便给我们分配了一项作业：介绍自己并且告知我们是否有课外经验，好让她了解我们的能力以及对我们的作业有多大的期待。</p>
<p>我于数年前便学习过 Python，且学习了很长一段时间爬虫、网页自动化操作和 JavaScript 逆向（关于 JavaScript 逆向，你可以在 <a href="/tags/%E7%BD%91%E9%A1%B5%E9%80%86%E5%90%91/">这里</a> 找到一些我过往写过的文章。我也有当时学习这三个内容的笔记，未来可以发出来）。</p>
<p>于是我填写了表单，表示我学习过 Python 并且懂得如何使用许多库，其中便包括了这次的主角：BeautifulSoup。</p>
<h2 id="起因"><a class="markdownIt-Anchor" href="#起因"></a> 起因</h2>
<p>教授要求我们在一小时内完成一个小组作业，要求如下：</p>
<blockquote>
<h4 id="网页抓取书籍数据"><a class="markdownIt-Anchor" href="#网页抓取书籍数据"></a> 网页抓取书籍数据</h4>
<p>目标网站： <a target="_blank" rel="noopener" href="http://books.toscrape.com/">Books to Scrape</a></p>
<p>任务：</p>
<ol>
<li>从网站的 <strong>第一页</strong> <strong>提取书籍信息</strong>，包括：
<ul>
<li>书籍的 <strong>标题</strong></li>
<li><strong>价格</strong></li>
<li><strong>库存状态</strong></li>
</ul>
</li>
<li>将每本书的数据存储为一个 <strong>字典</strong></li>
</ol>
<p>输出示例：</p>
<figure class="highlight plaintext"><table><tbody><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">2</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line">A Light in the Attic : {'Price': '£51.77', 'In Stock': 'In stock'}</span><br><span class="line">Tipping the Velvet : {'Price': '£53.74', 'In Stock': 'In stock'}</span><br></pre></td></tr></tbody></table></figure>
<p>作业说明：</p>
<ul>
<li>遵循课上讨论的步骤和方法</li>
<li>你可以使用 AI 工具来获取关于从网站抓取数据的指导或澄清，但 <strong>请勿复制完整的解决方案</strong>。任何 AI 提供的建议 <strong>都必须经过修改，以符合课上讨论的方法和步骤</strong>，以此证明你自己的理解并应用了所学知识</li>
<li><strong>直接提交来自外部来源的解决方案将得零分</strong></li>
<li>如果你使用了 AI，请 <strong>明确注明</strong> 你使用的 AI 工具，包含你提供的提示词，以及 AI 生成的输出内容</li>
<li>请像课上演示的那样，<strong>一步步展示你的进度</strong>。只提交完整的解答而没有展示过程或小测试将不被接受</li>
</ul>
<p>进阶挑战：</p>
<ul>
<li>从网站的 <strong>前 5 页</strong> <strong>提取书籍信息</strong></li>
<li>同时 <strong>提取</strong> <strong>评分</strong></li>
</ul>
</blockquote>
<p>这里有一些内容需要补充：</p>
<ol>
<li>教授本身不懂 HTML，也没讲过 HTML</li>
<li>关于网页爬虫的内容，教授只讲了一堂课</li>
</ol>
<p>这也是为什么教授允许我们使用 AI 工具：因为一些内容她根本没提到，需要 AI 辅助。</p>
<p>回到小组。我因为本来就懂爬虫，也懂怎么使用 BeautifulSoup（不过我更喜欢 lxml~），所以我直接告诉了小组成员我们要如何编写这套代码。不过这里出现了一个小插曲：我误以为需要进入到书本详情页才能获取到标题等内容，还白白写了一套「获取所有链接、访问链接再抓取数据」的代码。实际上直接在首页抓就好了。后面被小组成员提醒才赶忙修回来。</p>
<p>好了这不是重点！</p>
<p>这是首页源代码里一本书的内容：</p>
<figure class="highlight html"><table><tbody><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">2</span><br><span class="line">3</span><br><span class="line">4</span><br><span class="line">5</span><br><span class="line">6</span><br><span class="line">7</span><br><span class="line">8</span><br><span class="line">9</span><br><span class="line">10</span><br><span class="line">11</span><br><span class="line">12</span><br><span class="line">13</span><br><span class="line">14</span><br><span class="line">15</span><br><span class="line">16</span><br><span class="line">17</span><br><span class="line">18</span><br><span class="line">19</span><br><span class="line">20</span><br><span class="line">21</span><br><span class="line">22</span><br><span class="line">23</span><br><span class="line">24</span><br><span class="line">25</span><br><span class="line">26</span><br><span class="line">27</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line"><span class="tag"><<span class="name">article</span> <span class="attr">class</span>=<span class="string">"product_pod"</span>></span></span><br><span class="line"> <span class="tag"><<span class="name">div</span> <span class="attr">class</span>=<span class="string">"image_container"</span>></span></span><br><span class="line"> <span class="tag"><<span class="name">a</span> <span class="attr">href</span>=<span class="string">"catalogue/sapiens-a-brief-history-of-humankind_996/index.html"</span>></span><span class="tag"><<span class="name">img</span> <span class="attr">src</span>=<span class="string">"media/cache/be/a5/bea5697f2534a2f86a3ef27b5a8c12a6.jpg"</span> <span class="attr">alt</span>=<span class="string">"Sapiens: A Brief History of Humankind"</span> <span class="attr">class</span>=<span class="string">"thumbnail"</span>></span><span class="tag"></<span class="name">a</span>></span></span><br><span class="line"> <span class="tag"></<span class="name">div</span>></span></span><br><span class="line"> <span class="tag"><<span class="name">p</span> <span class="attr">class</span>=<span class="string">"star-rating Five"</span>></span></span><br><span class="line"> <span class="tag"><<span class="name">i</span> <span class="attr">class</span>=<span class="string">"icon-star"</span>></span><span class="tag"></<span class="name">i</span>></span></span><br><span class="line"> <span class="tag"><<span class="name">i</span> <span class="attr">class</span>=<span class="string">"icon-star"</span>></span><span class="tag"></<span class="name">i</span>></span></span><br><span class="line"> <span class="tag"><<span class="name">i</span> <span class="attr">class</span>=<span class="string">"icon-star"</span>></span><span class="tag"></<span class="name">i</span>></span></span><br><span class="line"> <span class="tag"><<span class="name">i</span> <span class="attr">class</span>=<span class="string">"icon-star"</span>></span><span class="tag"></<span class="name">i</span>></span></span><br><span class="line"> <span class="tag"><<span class="name">i</span> <span class="attr">class</span>=<span class="string">"icon-star"</span>></span><span class="tag"></<span class="name">i</span>></span></span><br><span class="line"> <span class="tag"></<span class="name">p</span>></span></span><br><span class="line"> </span><br><span class="line"> <span class="tag"><<span class="name">h3</span>></span><span class="tag"><<span class="name">a</span> <span class="attr">href</span>=<span class="string">"catalogue/sapiens-a-brief-history-of-humankind_996/index.html"</span> <span class="attr">title</span>=<span class="string">"Sapiens: A Brief History of Humankind"</span>></span>Sapiens: A Brief History ...<span class="tag"></<span class="name">a</span>></span><span class="tag"></<span class="name">h3</span>></span></span><br><span class="line"> <span class="tag"><<span class="name">div</span> <span class="attr">class</span>=<span class="string">"product_price"</span>></span></span><br><span class="line"> <span class="tag"><<span class="name">p</span> <span class="attr">class</span>=<span class="string">"price_color"</span>></span>£54.23<span class="tag"></<span class="name">p</span>></span></span><br><span class="line"> <span class="tag"><<span class="name">p</span> <span class="attr">class</span>=<span class="string">"instock availability"</span>></span></span><br><span class="line"> <span class="tag"><<span class="name">i</span> <span class="attr">class</span>=<span class="string">"icon-ok"</span>></span><span class="tag"></<span class="name">i</span>></span></span><br><span class="line"> </span><br><span class="line"> In stock</span><br><span class="line"> </span><br><span class="line"> <span class="tag"></<span class="name">p</span>></span></span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"> <span class="tag"><<span class="name">form</span>></span></span><br><span class="line"> <span class="tag"><<span class="name">button</span> <span class="attr">type</span>=<span class="string">"submit"</span> <span class="attr">class</span>=<span class="string">"btn btn-primary btn-block"</span> <span class="attr">data-loading-text</span>=<span class="string">"Adding..."</span>></span>Add to basket<span class="tag"></<span class="name">button</span>></span></span><br><span class="line"> <span class="tag"></<span class="name">form</span>></span></span><br><span class="line"> <span class="tag"></<span class="name">div</span>></span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="tag"></<span class="name">article</span>></span></span><br></pre></td></tr></tbody></table></figure>
<p>这里需要特别说一下首页标题：</p>
<figure class="highlight html"><table><tbody><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line"><span class="tag"><<span class="name">h3</span>></span><span class="tag"><<span class="name">a</span> <span class="attr">href</span>=<span class="string">"catalogue/sapiens-a-brief-history-of-humankind_996/index.html"</span> <span class="attr">title</span>=<span class="string">"Sapiens: A Brief History of Humankind"</span>></span>Sapiens: A Brief History ...<span class="tag"></<span class="name">a</span>></span><span class="tag"></<span class="name">h3</span>></span></span><br></pre></td></tr></tbody></table></figure>
<p>如果直接 <code>a.text</code> 的话，只会得到被裁剪的标题。真正的标题在其中的 <code>title</code> 属性里。那直接写 <code>a["title"]</code> 就可以了吗？当然不是了，不是所有的 <code>a</code> 标题都带有 <code>title</code> 属性，真跑起来的话不就报错了？</p>
<p>这里有两个方法：</p>
<figure class="highlight python"><table><tbody><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line"><span class="keyword">if</span> soup.find(<span class="string">"a"</span>)[<span class="string">"title"</span>]:</span><br></pre></td></tr></tbody></table></figure>
<figure class="highlight python"><table><tbody><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line">soup.find(<span class="string">"h3"</span>).find(<span class="string">"a"</span>)[<span class="string">"title"</span>]</span><br></pre></td></tr></tbody></table></figure>
<div class="danger"> 当然了方法还有很多，我这里只说我当时第一时间想到的。
</div>
<p>用第一个办法最保险，但是对于这个简单的作业，我直接写的第二个。这里虽然是我不够严谨了，不过当时实际敲代码的并不是我。单是口头指导屏幕另一边的小组成员怎么写东西、要点击什么东西就已经够累人了，我还需要告诉他们为什么我要这么做、用的方法是做什么使的…… 因为小组成员好像没有一个人知道怎么做哎！反正代码向来都是能用就可以，我觉得这个处理方式没有任何问题。</p>
<p>其余内容没什么好说的，我直接让小组成员开始写字典、照教授所要的方法打印出来字典…… 唯一的问题是打印出来的价格会多出一个神秘符号 <code>Â</code>，感觉是编码问题。我们加了一个 <code>.replace("Â", "")</code> 来去掉它。</p>
<p>这时候我们已经快到了截止时间。我们不仅需要在这个时间里写完代码，还需要填写成员评估表单交上去。这是最终代码（因为是 <code>ipynb</code>，所以一个代码块等同于一个单元格）：</p>
<details>
<summary>所有代码</summary>
<blockquote>
<figure class="highlight python"><table><tbody><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line">%pip install requests</span><br></pre></td></tr></tbody></table></figure>
<figure class="highlight python"><table><tbody><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">2</span><br><span class="line">3</span><br><span class="line">4</span><br><span class="line">5</span><br><span class="line">6</span><br><span class="line">7</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line"><span class="keyword">import</span> requests</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line">url = <span class="string">"https://books.toscrape.com/"</span></span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line">response = requests.get(url)</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line">response</span><br></pre></td></tr></tbody></table></figure>
<blockquote>
<p><code>response</code> 返回的内容：</p>
<figure class="highlight plaintext"><table><tbody><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line"><Response [200]></span><br></pre></td></tr></tbody></table></figure>
</blockquote>
<figure class="highlight python"><table><tbody><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line"><span class="keyword">from</span> bs4 <span class="keyword">import</span> BeautifulSoup</span><br></pre></td></tr></tbody></table></figure>
<figure class="highlight python"><table><tbody><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">2</span><br><span class="line">3</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line">soup = BeautifulSoup(response.text, <span class="string">'html.parser'</span>)</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line">soup</span><br></pre></td></tr></tbody></table></figure>
<blockquote>
<p><code>soup</code> 返回的内容：</p>
<figure class="highlight html"><table><tbody><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">2</span><br><span class="line">3</span><br><span class="line">4</span><br><span class="line">5</span><br><span class="line">6</span><br><span class="line">7</span><br><span class="line">8</span><br><span class="line">9</span><br><span class="line">10</span><br><span class="line">11</span><br><span class="line">12</span><br><span class="line">13</span><br><span class="line">14</span><br><span class="line">15</span><br><span class="line">16</span><br><span class="line">17</span><br><span class="line">18</span><br><span class="line">19</span><br><span class="line">20</span><br><span class="line">21</span><br><span class="line">22</span><br><span class="line">23</span><br><span class="line">24</span><br><span class="line">25</span><br><span class="line">26</span><br><span class="line">27</span><br><span class="line">28</span><br><span class="line">29</span><br><span class="line">30</span><br><span class="line">31</span><br><span class="line">32</span><br><span class="line">33</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line"><span class="meta"><!DOCTYPE <span class="keyword">html</span>></span></span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment"><!--[if lt IE 7]> <html lang="en-us" class="no-js lt-ie9 lt-ie8 lt-ie7"> <![endif]--></span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment"><!--[if IE 7]> <html lang="en-us" class="no-js lt-ie9 lt-ie8"> <![endif]--></span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment"><!--[if IE 8]> <html lang="en-us" class="no-js lt-ie9"> <![endif]--></span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment"><!--[if gt IE 8]><!--></span> <span class="tag"><<span class="name">html</span> <span class="attr">class</span>=<span class="string">"no-js"</span> <span class="attr">lang</span>=<span class="string">"en-us"</span>></span> <span class="comment"><!--<![endif]--></span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="tag"><<span class="name">head</span>></span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="tag"><<span class="name">title</span>></span></span><br><span class="line"> All products | Books to Scrape - Sandbox</span><br><span class="line"><span class="tag"></<span class="name">title</span>></span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="tag"><<span class="name">meta</span> <span class="attr">content</span>=<span class="string">"text/html; charset=utf-8"</span> <span class="attr">http-equiv</span>=<span class="string">"content-type"</span>/></span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="tag"><<span class="name">meta</span> <span class="attr">content</span>=<span class="string">"24th Jun 2016 09:29"</span> <span class="attr">name</span>=<span class="string">"created"</span>/></span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="tag"><<span class="name">meta</span> <span class="attr">content</span>=<span class="string">""</span> <span class="attr">name</span>=<span class="string">"description"</span>/></span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="tag"><<span class="name">meta</span> <span class="attr">content</span>=<span class="string">"width=device-width"</span> <span class="attr">name</span>=<span class="string">"viewport"</span>/></span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="tag"><<span class="name">meta</span> <span class="attr">content</span>=<span class="string">"NOARCHIVE,NOCACHE"</span> <span class="attr">name</span>=<span class="string">"robots"</span>/></span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment"><!-- Le HTML5 shim, for IE6-8 support of HTML elements --></span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment"><!--[if lt IE 9]></span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment"> <script src="//html5shim.googlecode.com/svn/trunk/html5.js"></script></span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment"> <![endif]--></span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="tag"><<span class="name">link</span> <span class="attr">href</span>=<span class="string">"static/oscar/favicon.ico"</span> <span class="attr">rel</span>=<span class="string">"shortcut icon"</span>/></span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="tag"><<span class="name">link</span> <span class="attr">href</span>=<span class="string">"static/oscar/css/styles.css"</span> <span class="attr">rel</span>=<span class="string">"stylesheet"</span> <span class="attr">type</span>=<span class="string">"text/css"</span>/></span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="tag"><<span class="name">link</span> <span class="attr">href</span>=<span class="string">"static/oscar/js/bootstrap-datetimepicker/bootstrap-datetimepicker.css"</span> <span class="attr">rel</span>=<span class="string">"stylesheet"</span>/></span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="tag"><<span class="name">link</span> <span class="attr">href</span>=<span class="string">"static/oscar/css/datetimepicker.css"</span> <span class="attr">rel</span>=<span class="string">"stylesheet"</span> <span class="attr">type</span>=<span class="string">"text/css"</span>/></span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="tag"></<span class="name">head</span>></span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="tag"><<span class="name">body</span> <span class="attr">class</span>=<span class="string">"default"</span> <span class="attr">id</span>=<span class="string">"default"</span>></span></span><br><span class="line">...</span><br><span class="line"> });</span><br><span class="line"> <span class="tag"></<span class="name">script</span>></span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment"><!-- Version: N/A --></span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="tag"></<span class="name">body</span>></span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="tag"></<span class="name">html</span>></span></span><br><span class="line">Output is truncated. View as a scrollable element or open in a text editor. Adjust cell output settings...</span><br><span class="line"></span><br></pre></td></tr></tbody></table></figure>
</blockquote>
<figure class="highlight python"><table><tbody><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">2</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line">books = soup.find_all(<span class="string">"article"</span>, class_=<span class="string">"product_pod"</span>)</span><br><span class="line">books</span><br></pre></td></tr></tbody></table></figure>
<blockquote>
<p><code>books</code> 返回的内容：</p>
<figure class="highlight plaintext"><table><tbody><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">2</span><br><span class="line">3</span><br><span class="line">4</span><br><span class="line">5</span><br><span class="line">6</span><br><span class="line">7</span><br><span class="line">8</span><br><span class="line">9</span><br><span class="line">10</span><br><span class="line">11</span><br><span class="line">12</span><br><span class="line">13</span><br><span class="line">14</span><br><span class="line">15</span><br><span class="line">16</span><br><span class="line">17</span><br><span class="line">18</span><br><span class="line">19</span><br><span class="line">20</span><br><span class="line">21</span><br><span class="line">22</span><br><span class="line">23</span><br><span class="line">24</span><br><span class="line">25</span><br><span class="line">26</span><br><span class="line">27</span><br><span class="line">28</span><br><span class="line">29</span><br><span class="line">30</span><br><span class="line">31</span><br><span class="line">32</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line">[<article class="product_pod"></span><br><span class="line"> <div class="image_container"></span><br><span class="line"> <a href="catalogue/a-light-in-the-attic_1000/index.html"><img alt="A Light in the Attic" class="thumbnail" src="media/cache/2c/da/2cdad67c44b002e7ead0cc35693c0e8b.jpg"/></a></span><br><span class="line"> </div></span><br><span class="line"> <p class="star-rating Three"></span><br><span class="line"> <i class="icon-star"></i></span><br><span class="line"> <i class="icon-star"></i></span><br><span class="line"> <i class="icon-star"></i></span><br><span class="line"> <i class="icon-star"></i></span><br><span class="line"> <i class="icon-star"></i></span><br><span class="line"> </p></span><br><span class="line"> <h3><a href="catalogue/a-light-in-the-attic_1000/index.html" title="A Light in the Attic">A Light in the ...</a></h3></span><br><span class="line"> <div class="product_price"></span><br><span class="line"> <p class="price_color">£51.77</p></span><br><span class="line"> <p class="instock availability"></span><br><span class="line"> <i class="icon-ok"></i></span><br><span class="line"> </span><br><span class="line"> In stock</span><br><span class="line"> </span><br><span class="line"> </p></span><br><span class="line"> <form></span><br><span class="line"> <button class="btn btn-primary btn-block" data-loading-text="Adding..." type="submit">Add to basket</button></span><br><span class="line"> </form></span><br><span class="line"> </div></span><br><span class="line"> </article>,</span><br><span class="line">...</span><br><span class="line"> <form></span><br><span class="line"> <button class="btn btn-primary btn-block" data-loading-text="Adding..." type="submit">Add to basket</button></span><br><span class="line"> </form></span><br><span class="line"> </div></span><br><span class="line"> </article>]</span><br><span class="line">Output is truncated. View as a scrollable element or open in a text editor. Adjust cell output settings...</span><br></pre></td></tr></tbody></table></figure>
</blockquote>
<figure class="highlight python"><table><tbody><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">2</span><br><span class="line">3</span><br><span class="line">4</span><br><span class="line">5</span><br><span class="line">6</span><br><span class="line">7</span><br><span class="line">8</span><br><span class="line">9</span><br><span class="line">10</span><br><span class="line">11</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line">books_data = {}</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"><span class="keyword">for</span> book <span class="keyword">in</span> books:</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line">title = book.find(<span class="string">"h3"</span>).find(<span class="string">"a"</span>)[<span class="string">"title"</span>]</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line">price = book.find(<span class="string">"p"</span>, class_=<span class="string">"price_color"</span>).text.replace(<span class="string">"Â"</span>, <span class="string">""</span>)</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line">availability = book.find(<span class="string">"p"</span>, class_=<span class="string">"instock availability"</span>).text.strip()</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line">books_data[title] = { <span class="string">"price"</span>: price, <span class="string">"in stock"</span>: availability }</span><br></pre></td></tr></tbody></table></figure>
<figure class="highlight python"><table><tbody><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">2</span><br><span class="line">3</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line"><span class="keyword">for</span> title, info <span class="keyword">in</span> books_data.items():</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"><span class="built_in">print</span>(title, <span class="string">":"</span>, info)</span><br></pre></td></tr></tbody></table></figure>
<blockquote>
<p>最终 <code>print</code> 出来的内容（原文太长了删减一下）：</p>
<figure class="highlight plaintext"><table><tbody><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">2</span><br><span class="line">3</span><br><span class="line">4</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line">A Light in the Attic : {'price': '£51.77', 'in stock': 'In stock'}</span><br><span class="line">Tipping the Velvet : {'price': '£53.74', 'in stock': 'In stock'}</span><br><span class="line">Soumission : {'price': '£50.10', 'in stock': 'In stock'}</span><br><span class="line">Sharp Objects : {'price': '£47.82', 'in stock': 'In stock'}</span><br></pre></td></tr></tbody></table></figure>
</blockquote>
</blockquote>
</details>
<p>数日后成绩下来了，我们拿了 F，而这是教授的反馈：</p>
<blockquote>
<p>作业说明明确指出：「就像课堂上演示的那样，一步步展示你的过程。不展示过程或小测试的完整解答将不被接受。」你提交的作业不包含任何测试或循序渐进的过程。你只是把完整的解答拆分到了不同的单元格里。依然没有测试。此外，也未披露使用了 AI。</p>
<p>关于你的代码：这一行是从哪里来的？<code>books = soup.find_all('article', class_='product_pod')</code>。还有，你是怎么在 for 循环下直接写出这些的： <code>book.h3.a['title']</code> <code>book.find('p', class_='price_color').text</code> <code>book.find('p', class_='instock availability').text.strip()</code> 像我在练习中做过多次的那样，针对这些代码的测试在哪里？</p>
</blockquote>
<p>我当时看到的第一反应是：<em><strong>什么叫他妈的我们没有披露使用 AI？</strong></em></p>
<h2 id="第一次回复"><a class="markdownIt-Anchor" href="#第一次回复"></a> 第一次回复</h2>
<p>这节课的 WhatsApp 群组里有人表示，我们不是唯一拿了 F，并且被指控使用了 AI 的小组。</p>
<p>一些拿了分的小组提到教授要求我们像她的笔记那样，记录每一步尝试。他们直接照着她的笔记捣鼓，拿了满分。但这和我有什么关系？我又不是新手，我为什么还要退一步、装自己什么也不懂？难道抄教授的思路就好了？</p>
<p>也有人向教授说话，说因为教授自己也不懂 HTML，因此不期待我们懂 HTML，才叫我们用 AI 来了解 HTML。这番言论一说出来便遭到了其他已经学习过网页开发的校友的嘲讽：<em>教授自己都不懂自己分配的作业，反过来指责我们这些懂的人用了 AI。这不搞笑吗？</em> 这是我自己想出来的代码，用我学过的东西、自己写出来的！现在你告诉我，<em>我未披露自己使用了 AI</em>？要知道，AI 可是有一定的可能性，被喂了我所曾经想出来的代码方案哎！</p>
<p>我的一位小组成员（以下简称甲）找到我，希望我可以和她一起出面、找教授说清楚。我告诉甲我们的代码绝对不是 AI 生成的，我也已经就我的想法给出了我的步骤。如果不是因为教授要求我们给出步骤，我甚至不会去打印那么多次变量、将它们分成多个单元格。有必要去装模作样测试那么多次吗？没有！</p>
<p>不过呢，我因为次日还有个演讲，完全忘记了发邮件这件事…… 直到演讲前的一小时，甲给我发了她和教授之间的对话：</p>
<blockquote>
<p>甲：</p>
<blockquote>
<p>晚上好，</p>
<p>我阅读了您关于第 5 次作业的反馈。关于「逐步展示过程」，就我们的理解而言，我们确实是照做了。我觉得我们可能没理解题目到底要求我们做什么。</p>
<p>我们并没有使用 AI，所以我不知道您为什么会觉得我们用了。</p>
<p>能不能请您再给我们一次机会来修正那段代码或提交类似的代码？在作业里拿个 0 分并不能激励我继续前进。</p>
<p>致以诚挚的问候，</p>
<p>甲</p>
</blockquote>
<p>教授：</p>
<blockquote>
<p>嗨甲，</p>
<p>这次作业的要求非常明确，而且我在上课一开始就强调过，我期望看到你们的 <strong>过程</strong>，而不仅仅是最终的解决方案。这次作业旨在评估你们 <strong>循序渐进的过程</strong>，而不仅仅是最终结果。我已经在反馈中解释了我对 AI 使用的顾虑。其他披露了使用 AI 的小组实际上也使用了相同的代码。让我给你一个更详细的解释。</p>
<p>使用 <code>h3.a["title"]</code> 这一点，如果没有 AI 的协助，你们也是想不出来的。如果你们是独立完成的，你们很可能会从像 <code>first_book.find("a", class_="title")</code> 这样的代码开始，观察到它不起作用，然后再转向其他方法。它之所以不起作用，是因为标题的 HTML 结构与价格和库存的结构不同。然而，你们并没有关于这部分的 AI 使用披露，也没有尝试用我教过的方式来提取标题。这种用法是直接由 AI 生成的解决方案，这也违反了作业要求。我从来没有教过将标签（h3, a）当作函数 / 属性来使用。这些信息是从哪里来的？为什么在提取价格和库存时使用的是 <code>book.find('p', class_="price_color")</code> 和 <code>book.find('p', class_='instock availability')</code>，却偏偏在提取标题时使用 <code>h3.a["title"]</code>？</p>
<p>如果你们参考过我的教学课件，你们就不会那样去构建代码中的字典部分。你们使用的这种风格是一种 <strong>优化过的方法</strong>：先通过 <code>soup.find_all('article', class_="product_pod")</code> 一次性提取所有项目，然后再遍历每一项进行抓取。你们是怎么知道可以这样做的？然而，这并不是我在课上展示的内容。我演示的是如何通过一步步审查 HTML 结构来单独定位每一条信息。我并没有教过你们如何先提取所有数据，然后再在一个单一的循环中检索内部的子数据点。你们提交的方法并不能反映我所教授的过程或方法论。</p>
<p>很遗憾，我无法接受你们修改后的重新提交。课程政策不允许重新提交作业。</p>
<p>祝好，</p>
<p>教授</p>
</blockquote>
</blockquote>
<p>我看到后立马想到（以至于我之后的演讲因为头脑混乱讲的很差）：</p>
<ol>
<li>这个教授的整个底层逻辑有问题</li>
<li>她不懂爬虫、不懂 AI，也不懂学习！</li>
</ol>
<h2 id="教授的指控和逻辑"><a class="markdownIt-Anchor" href="#教授的指控和逻辑"></a> 教授的指控和逻辑</h2>
<p>先说教授的底层逻辑。她默认学生们什么都不会，没有教过的内容等同于学生们不会。这里有两个问题：</p>
<ol>
<li>
<p>学生们要是不会，去问 AI 完全没有问题。但是她没有考虑到会的学生啊！我都会了，我还要去搜 AI、告诉你我用了 AI 吗？肯定不是啊！</p>
<p>在大学环境里，<strong>「教授没教」怎么可能去等同于「学生不可能知晓」呢？</strong> 我们完全可以去提前阅读文档、验证假设、应用这些知识。更何况这是编程课程，自主学习本来就应该被鼓励才对。</p>
<p>按照她的逻辑，独立实验是被禁止的、主观能动性是受惩罚的、学术成长也是被视为作弊的证据。要求我们的思维过程必须与她教授的路径一致，这既不合理、在学术上站不住脚，也绝对不是高等教育的运作方式。</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>既然原先就这么默认，那么起初的编程经验调查的意义何在？只是为了完成学校部门的要求吗？</p>
</li>
</ol>
<p>这是上文我重点提及的代码：</p>
<figure class="highlight html"><table><tbody><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line"><span class="tag"><<span class="name">h3</span>></span><span class="tag"><<span class="name">a</span> <span class="attr">href</span>=<span class="string">"catalogue/sapiens-a-brief-history-of-humankind_996/index.html"</span> <span class="attr">title</span>=<span class="string">"Sapiens: A Brief History of Humankind"</span>></span>Sapiens: A Brief History ...<span class="tag"></<span class="name">a</span>></span><span class="tag"></<span class="name">h3</span>></span></span><br></pre></td></tr></tbody></table></figure>
<p>她认为我所写的 <code>h3.a["title"]</code> 是学生无法独立想出的内容、是直接用 AI 生成的解决方案。就和我上文所说的那样，莫名其妙，毫无逻辑。宣称学生们想不出来，根本是否认了他们思考的权利。再加上，为什么死认我们使用 AI，而不是阅读 BeautifulSoup 的文档？难道阅读文档在现在这个时代也过时了？</p>
<p>教授所要求的「展示步骤」也是愚蠢至极，根本无法像她所想的那样防住使用 AI 作弊的学生：<em>我只要把教授的课件全部炼化，然后让 AI 生成相同效果的代码不就好了？</em> 并且会大大打击那些已经学会了如何写代码的学生。已经有数个学生反映她的课对已经学习过编程的人来说是一种折磨：<em>我就是会啊，你还想我怎样！</em></p>
<p>可怕的是，<strong>教授对我们使用 AI 的指控没有任何可靠的证据，完全出于她自己的臆测</strong>。她将这一条写在解释之前，因此我猜测这是她认为我们有罪的最大证据：<em>其他披露了使用 AI 的小组实际上也使用了相同的代码。</em> 额…… 不然呢？BeautifulSoup 提取标签属性值的方法本来就那几个啊。难道和 AI 一样说 1 + 1 = 2 的人，也全都是 AI？</p>
<p>而最让我意外的是，许多被无辜指控的学生都放弃了澄清。当时向着教授说话的不在少数，这些观点也险些让我也失去了沟通的勇气。我可以为我任何的不足负责，但我绝不为我未曾做过的事道歉。如果对方要用臆测代替证据，她所要负起的，不止是一次误判的责任，更是对学术公正和个体尊严的损害。</p>
<h2 id="第二次回复"><a class="markdownIt-Anchor" href="#第二次回复"></a> 第二次回复</h2>
<p>既然找出了教授所有的逻辑漏洞，我也得负起小组领导的职责、向教授再一次沟通。这是我最终的邮件：</p>
<blockquote>
<p>尊敬的教授：</p>
<p>我已阅读了您发给我的队友甲的关于我们作业反馈的邮件。我写这封信是为了澄清关于我们要代码逻辑的误解以及对我们使用 AI 的指控，因为是我主导了我们组的编码逻辑。</p>
<p>关于基于特定语法（如 <code>h3.a['title']</code>）而指控我们使用 AI 一事，我必须澄清这段代码并非由 AI 生成。我在 HW1 的学生概况调查中曾表示过我有网络爬虫的经验。我最初尝试使用 <code>soup.find("a")["title"]</code> 来提取标题，但我很快意识到这会导致报错，因为文档结构中并非所有的 <code><a></code> 标签都拥有 "title" 属性。随后我将代码改进为 <code>soup.find("h3").find("a")["title"]</code>，因为所有带有 "title" 属性的 <code><a></code> 标签都嵌套在 <code>"h3"</code> 标签内。之后在循环中我使用了 <code>book.find("h3").find("a")["title"]</code>，因为我写了一个 <code>for</code> 循环从 <code>soup.find_all("article", class_="product_pod")</code> 中获取所有的书籍。由于当时时间紧迫，我便保留了这段代码未做改动。</p>
<p>您还提到其他披露使用了 AI 的小组也提交了类似的代码。我认为相关性并不意味着因果关系。<code>a["title"]</code> 这种语法是标准的简写形式，并且可以说是浏览这种特定 HTML 结构最直接的方式。</p>
<p>关于我们没有展示逐步推进过程的顾虑，这是对我们在时间限制下构建代码方式的误解。正如提交的 Notebook 所示，我在单独的单元格中展示了 <code>response</code>、<code>soup</code> 和 <code>books</code> 列表的输出。然而，对于循环内部具体的提取逻辑，我们在组内协调上遇到了一些挑战，这拖慢了我们的进度。尽管我尽力引导团队完成，但当我们开始编写最终的提取脚本时，距离截止时间已经非常近了。在时间压力下，我不得不依靠我之前的经验，直接基于分析编写了循环。</p>
<p>如果我们的作业能被重新评估，我将不胜感激。</p>
<p>非常感谢。</p>
<p>诚以此致，</p>
<p>我</p>
</blockquote>
<p>十分私人的想法还是留给自己（以及你们，嘻嘻）吧…… 没必要增加更多的误会，只要回复教授的问题以及指出其他问题即可。</p>
<p>说来好笑，我最初拟的版本被室友吐槽「不像人在说话」。她认为我是博客写多了，现在写邮件也会在里面穿插一些大道理，并且有许多重复的内容。我认为没有办法啊，有些东西我不重复讲一下不能表达出我的急切。总之让她帮我修改了一下，也是上文这个版本。</p>
<p>至于后续如何，也不是特别重要了。值得感叹的是，<strong>就算是到了 AI 时代，能够熟练使用某项技能也会被古板的教育系统视为「有罪」</strong>。</p>
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